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Single 1B Decoder Jointly Gates and Generates Memory-Grounded Hints

This arXiv paper evaluates proactive conversational assistance as a joint problem of deciding when to intervene and what memory-grounded hint to offer, measured over 28,058 decision points. Behind a real gate, end-to-end exact match reaches 0.2619 against an oracle-gate ceiling of 0.2971, with end-to-end precision of 0.2387. The memory profile is the dominant driver of hint quality: removing it costs 24.7 exact-match points and drops rescaled BERTScore from 0.57 to 0.35, while retrieval and a larger generator add nothing on exact match. A single 1B decoder gates from an intermediate layer and generates in the same pass, matching or exceeding two-model pipelines on automatic end-to-end measures with 1.31-1.76x less wall-clock time than the matched 1B pipeline, and a human evaluation of 1,144 ratings over 32 dialogues rates it level with the matched 1B pipeline and below an 8B one.

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It gives practitioners concrete evidence that memory grounding, not model scale, drives hint quality, and that a single compact decoder can replace a separate gate-plus-generator pipeline at lower compute.

arXiv:2610.40611v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Proactive assistants offer short, memory-grounded hints during a conversation, deciding when to assist and what to suggest. Current systems split this between a gate and a larger generator; we evaluate both together on 28,058 decision points. Stage-wise generation scores are oracle-gate ceilings: behind a real gate, end-to-end exact match is 0.2619 against a ceiling of 0.2971, and end-to-end precision is 0.2387, leaving substantial headroom. A gate pays off through precision and compute, whose saving falls from 4.39x with an 8B generator to 1.38x with a 1B one. The memory profile drives hint quality: removing it costs 24.7 exact-match points (rescaled BERTScore 0.57 to 0.35), while retrieval and a larger generator add nothing on exact match. One 1B decoder can do both, gating from an intermediate layer and generating in the same pass. At its final checkpoint it matches or exceeds the two-model pipelines on automatic end-to-end measures with 1.31-1.76x less wall-clock time than the matched 1B pipeline; across three seeds, its deeper exit ties the separate gate. A human evaluation (1,144 ratings over 32 dialogues) supports the memory effect and rates the single model level with the matched 1B pipeline and below the 8B one. Graded metrics and LlamaPIE's native judge track human ratings more closely than exact match, which we report as a strict lower bound.
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